The Pattern of Temporary International Migration in Sri Lanka

This study differs from earlier studies by using terminology which defines temporary international migration as those who were abroad more than six months at the time of the investigation for purpose other than permanent residence. This includes not only the labour migrants but also other categories such as those who have gone for educational purposes. One of the most noticeable features is the dominance of estate sector women compared to other sectors because a higher percentage of estate women has gone abroad temporarily compared to women in urban and rural sectors. The study also suggests that one of the push factors for temporary international migration seeking employment as the differences in poverty levels in urban, rural and estate sectors. Furthermore, it was found that more younger women in the estate sector who are in the labour force ages move abroad for employment. It was revealed from the analysis that the districts which show a higher level of migration for employment, also exhibit a higher level of migration for education compared to less mobility districts. This means that there is a clear distinction between migrant districts and non-migrant districts irrespective of reasons for migration. Districts in the North-east Sri Lanka seem to be less mobile both locally and internationally. This can be due to the disruption that occurred in those districts as a result of 30-year long civil war which was concluded in 2009. However, one can predict that they also will follow a general pattern of international migration. It was observed that the majority moved to Middle East Countries for employment and a significant number were travelling to OECD countries for higher education.