教学的即时性,倾听和沉默的意义:早期儿童教育工作者在哲学和文学中的散文练习

Viktor Magne Johansson
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摘要

这篇文章关注的是发生在外面的哲学思考,除了有计划的哲学讨论,在实践中活跃起来的哲学思考,在儿童与世界,与他人,与语言,与游戏的接触中得到加强。它思考了成人、教育工作者和父母如何与儿童相遇,并受到儿童哲学探索的影响。成人在孩子的哲学追问中扮演什么角色?我们如何回应孩子们的哲学思考?这样做意味着什么?这篇文章以一系列文学作品为例,探讨了早期儿童教育工作者的哲学练习——回忆录、自传、小说以及介于这些作品之间的作品。通过对这些文学例子的思考,它研究了教育者如何通过阅读和思考练习为与儿童的哲学接触做好准备。在这样做的过程中,文章尝试了一种写作形式,这本身就成为了一种哲学练习。通过例子和练习,文章建议幼儿教育者如何训练教学的即时性,包括倾听儿童游戏,发脾气和沉默中的哲学和存在主义问题。调查和阅读的例子不是为了导致结论,可以直接应用于教学实践;它们也不能作为倾听或以特定方式倾听孩子的论据。我们所得到的,也是我所寻找的,是通过这些例子来工作和思考的经验。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
pedagogical immediacy, listening, and silent meaning: essayistic exercises in philosophy and literature for early childhood educators
This essay concentrates on philosophizing that happens outside and in addition to planned philosophical discussions, philosophizing that comes alive in practice, that is intensified in children’s encounters with the world, with others, with language, in play. It contemplates how adults, educators and parents encounter children and are affected by children’s philosophical explorations. What is the role of the adult in children’s philosophical questioning? How can we respond to children’s philosophizing? What does it mean to do so? The essay explores philosophical exercises for early childhood educators in a range of examples from literature – memoirs, autobiographies, fiction and works that play in between those. By thinking through these literary examples, it investigates how educators can prepare for philosophical encounters with children through exercises of reading and thinking. In doing so the essay experiments with a form of writing that itself becomes a philosophical exercise. Through the examples and exercises the essay suggests how early childhood educators can train for a pedagogical immediacy that involves listening to the philosophical and existential questioning in children’s play, tantrums, and silences.  The investigations and readings of the examples are not meant to lead to conclusions that can be directly applied in pedagogical practices; neither do they work as arguments for listening or listening in a particular way to children. What we get, and what I am looking for, is rather the experience of working and thinking through these examples.
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