18世纪俄国地方贵族安德烈·波洛托夫眼中的1762年俄国“光荣革命”和1789年法国“流血”

M. Miliutin, Aleksandra Iur’evna Veselova
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摘要

本文考察了安德烈·蒂莫菲耶维奇·波洛托夫的政治观点,这些观点体现在他的回忆录和1792年至1793年期间描述法国大革命事件的手写新闻文集中,以及他在1760年至1790年期间的其他著作和翻译中。波洛托夫的信息来源(外国媒体、弗朗索瓦·皮克泰、克里斯蒂安·弗里德里希·施万和克里斯托夫·吉尔坦纳)、他的交流范围和他的作品的性质表明,他的政治观点并不仅仅由一个地方地主的阶级观点决定。他的政治观点是在1762年叶卡捷琳娜二世政变(他称之为俄罗斯的“光荣革命”)的影响下形成的,将支撑叶卡捷琳娜专制主义的思想与自然法则的概念结合起来,并借鉴了欧洲知识分子的观点。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Russian “Glorious Revolution” of 1762 and the French “Bloodshed” of 1789 as Seen by Andrei Bolotov, a Russian Provincial Nobleman of the Eighteenth Century
The article examines the political views of Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov, as expressed in his memoirs and handwritten collections of news from 1792–1793, which described the events of the French Revolution, as well as in other writings and translations made in the 1760s–1790s. Bolotov’s sources of information (foreign press, François Pictet, Christian Friedrich Schwan and Christoph Girtanner), his range of communication, and the nature of his writings suggest that his political outlook was not determined solely by the class perspective of a provincial landowner. His political views, formed under the influence of the Catherine ii’s coup of 1762, which he called the Russia’s “Glorious Revolution,” combined ideas underpinning Catherine’s absolutism with notions of natural law and drawn from European intellectuals.
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