A Neural-Based Approach to Aid Early Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis

In this paper, a neural approach based on using Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks is proposed to diagnose patients suffering from PD. In this study, it is shown that the temporal patterns of the gait cycle are different for healthy persons and patients. Therefore, by using a recurrent structure like LSTM, able to analyze the dynamic nature of the gait cycle, the proposed method extracts the temporal patterns to diagnose patients from healthy persons. Utilized data to extract the temporal shapes of the gait cycle are based on changing vertical Ground Reaction Force (vGRF), measured by 16 sensors placed in the soles of shoes worn by each subject. To reduce the number of data dimensions, the sequences of corresponding sensors placed in different feet are combined by subtraction. This method analyzes the temporal pattern of time-series collected from different sensors, without extracting special features representing statistics of different parts of the gait cycle. Finally, by recording and presenting data from 10 seconds of subject walking, the proposed approach can diagnose the patient from healthy persons with an average accuracy of 97.66%, and the total F1 score equal to 97.78%.