La correlazione tra self-efficacy e aderenza alla restrizione di liquidi nei pazienti in trattamento con emodialisi. Una revisione della letteratura

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease has become a major global health issue, with a prevalence ranges from 8% to 16% in the adult population. A patient with End-Stage Kidney Disease receiving haemodialysis must adhere to complex, challenging and long-lasting therapy. Fluid control in patients on dialysis is an important predictor of outcome but is a difficult restriction to achieve. The perception of self-efficacy turns out to have a fundamental role in therapeutic adherence. Therefore, the aim of this review was to identify the relation between self-efficacy in patients undergoing haemodialysis and the compliance to a correct fluid intake. Material and Methods: The review was performed through the PubMed database, in the period from January 2007 to August 2017. Primary studies, systematic reviews and Guide Lines have been included. Keyword used were End-Stage Kidney Disease; haemodialysis; self-efficacy; fluid restriction. Results/Discussion: The review showed that self-efficacy has been positively associated to the self-care. It is therefore necessary to detect the self-efficacy level to make a predictive assessment of the compliance to fluid restrictions. Improvement, self-management and self-efficacy programs can influence the adherence to the fluid control in End-Stage Renal Disease patients on haemodialysis.