José Antonio Estrada, Eric Kwiatkowski, Ana López-Yela, Mónica Borgoñós-García, D. Segovia-Vargas, T. Barton, Z. Popovic
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This paper presents 16 and 81-element broadband rectenna arrays screen printed on a cotton tee-shirt for harvesting $4-130 \mu \mathrm{W}/\text{cm}^{2}$ power densities between 2–4 GHz. The antenna is a self-complementary tightly-coupled bow-tie array with a period of about $\lambda_{\mathrm{O}}/6$ at the highest frequency. Each array element feed is connected to a packaged Schottky diode using silver paint. Full-wave antenna simulations are performed with specific tissue electrical parameters for the torso, as well as for a body phantom. The diodes impedance as a function of dc load and input power density is analyzed using source-pull harmonic-balance simulations. Measurements using a water-filled phantom show up to $\mathrm{P}_{\text{DC}=}10 \mu\mathrm{W}$ for incident power densities of $4 \mu\mathrm{W}/\text{cm}^{2}$ at the center of the band, with a DC load of $\mathrm{R}_{\text{DC}}=2\mathrm{k}\Omega$.
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