内生市场中认证机构的选择

Jacopo Bizzotto, Bård Harstad
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引用次数: 3

摘要

市场要想运作,买家必须知道什么时候产品质量高。本文为研究证明人身份的后果、最佳证明人的特征和平衡证明人的身份提供了一个理论框架。一个关心质量和外部性的认证机构(如非政府组织)会激励企业投资于他们提供质量的能力;关注企业利润的认证机构(如行业协会)首先会激励更多企业进入市场。外部性、投资和进入的相对重要性决定了社会最优的认证机构,也决定了最有可能进入均衡的认证机构的类型。该理论的预测在经验上是可检验的,并揭示了不同市场和不同时期的各种认证机构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Choice of Certifier in Endogenous Markets
For markets to work, buyers must know when products are of high quality. This paper provides a theoretical framework for studying the consequences of the certifier's identity, the characteristics of the best certifier, and the identity of the equilibrium certifier. A certifier that cares about quality and externalities (such as an NGO) motivates firms to invest in their capacities to provide quality; a certifier concerned with the firms' profits (such as an industry association) motivates more firms to enter the market in the first place. The relative importance of externalities, investments, and entry determines the socially optimal certification authority but also the type of certifier that is most likely to enter in equilibrium. The theory's predictions are empirically testable and shed light on the variety of certifiers across markets and over time.
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