Nano-fémoxidok kulcsfontosságú talajállat csoportokra gyakorolt hatásainak áttekintése

. The amount of nanoparticulated metal-oxides is steadily increasing in the soil, therefore the adverse effects on key-factor soil animal groups are rising. Although their environmental concentrations in most cases still do not reach the minimum acute toxicity threshold, these substances are able to create long-term adverse effects, can undergo bioaccumulation and also biomagnification. In addi-tion, their environmental concentrations are expected to increase in the future. Negative effects of nano-metaloxides are tested on more sensitive endpoints, like forms of interactions and also popula-tion effects in some studies. This is a feasible way to make the outcome of this research direction more environmentally relevant. Most of the articles reported differences between the toxicity of nano-and bulk metal oxides, with a smaller particle size proved to be more toxic. However, the mechanisms behind these findings are hardly explained. Furthermore, little information is available on the fate of nano- and bulk metal oxides in soil. In our opinion, there is an urgent need to develop a new test methodology, specifically for the nano-size range, to better explore the chemical and physical properties as well as the biotic effects of these materials.