Diagnosis and treatment of subungual melanoma

Nail melanoma (NM) must be suspected in the initial workup of patients with pigmented nails. However, the differential diagnosis of NM from other nail disorders that involve nail pigmentation is challenging. Dermoscopic, clinical, and histopathological features are integrated for a definite diagnosis. The primary treatment of NM is surgery. Depending on the depth of invasion, amputation or functional surgery can be chosen. This article reviews the clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathological features of NM, as well as its diagnosis and treatment.