亚优条件下基因型和种鸡群龄对肉鸡生产性能的影响

M. Lukić, V. Petričević, Z. Škrbić, N. Delić, N. Tolimir, V. Dosković, S. Rakonjac
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引用次数: 2

摘要

以52周龄的COBB 500肉鸡和52周龄、79周龄的ROSS 308肉鸡为研究对象,在相同、相对次优的环境条件(温度波动)和营养条件(市场平均质量饲料)下进行了生产性状的比较研究。试验选用720只日龄雄性和雌性雏鸡,分为4个试验组(Cobb;罗斯52个;罗斯79;罗斯肉鸡组合(两个种龄的罗斯肉鸡的混合物),每组6个重复,每个重复30只鸡。在育肥42 d期间监测死亡率、体重(第0、7、21和42天)、增重、饲料系数和生产指数(EPEF)。结果表明,年龄较大的种鸡在生产第一周获得较重的日龄鸡(p<0.01)和较好的增重。除试验第1周外,科布的体重和增重均最高(p<0.05),试验中期和后期与罗斯79组和罗斯混合组的体重差异不显著。结果还表明,在次优试验条件下,遗传(使用的杂交种)对最终体重和日增重的影响可能大于育种者年龄。试验条件下Cobb 500肉鸡的死亡率也显著高于对照组(p<0.05)。试验中不同基因型和亲本鸡的饲料转化率和EPEF生产指数无显著差异。总的来说,在我们的研究中,次优条件限制了遗传生产潜力的实现,对两个杂交种都有抑制作用,对罗斯308的生长有较高的抑制作用,对科布500杂交种的抗性有较高的抑制作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genotype and breeder flock age impact on broiler performance in suboptimal conditions
A comparative study of production traits was performed between COBB 500 broilers from a 52-week-old breeder flock and a ROSS 308 from two breeder flocks of different ages (52 weeks and molted flock 79-week-old) in equal, relatively suboptimal ambiental (temperature oscillations) and nutritional conditions (market feed of average quality). The experiment was performed on a total of 720 day-old chicks of both sexes in 4 experimental groups (Cobb; Ross 52; Ross 79; Ross mix - a mixture of Ross broilers from two breeder ages), with 6 replications per group and 30 chickens in each replication. Mortality, body weight (days 0, 7, 21 and 42), weight gain, feed conversion and production index (EPEF) were monitored in 42 days of fattening. It was determined that heavier day-old chickens (p<0.01) with better gain in the first week of production, were obtained from the older breeder flock. Except in the first week, Cobb generally had the highest (p<0.05) body weights and gains in the experiment, aside from in mid and the end of the test, where did not differ significantly from the body weight of the Ross 79 and Ross mix group of broilers, respectively. Results also indicate that genetics (used hybrid) may have a greater influence on the final body weight and daily gain in suboptimal test conditions than the breeder age. Cobb 500 broilers also had significantly higher mortality under test conditions (p<0.05). Feed conversion and the achieved EPEF production index did not vary significantly in the test in chickens of different genotypes or parents. In general, suboptimal conditions in our research constrained realisation of the genetic production potential, with a suppressive effect on both hybrids, higher on the growth in Ross 308, and on the resistance measured by mortality in Cobb 500 hybrids.
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