Theory and design of crystal oscillators immune to acceleration: present state of the art

Theoretical and experimental results on the acceleration sensitivity of quartz crystal oscillators were consolidated in Filler's benchmark review paper published in the May 1988 Special Issue on Frequency Control, Part II of the IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control. Since that time, a large body of additional work has been produced. This paper reviews those developments from the perspective of oscillator design. Areas of direct interest for oscillator design include equivalent circuit models, oscillator circuit interactions, and vibration compensation techniques, along with a clear and concise summary of tile state-of-the-art in low acceleration sensitivity resonator design.