Application of mathematical model for apiaries location evaluation

An approach for evaluation of apiaries’ location in flat-hilly regions by using a mathematical model is presented. The study was conducted in 2021 based on the assessment of the existing bee forage resources as Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), Linden (Tilia cordata), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Rapeseed (Brassica napus), Lavender (Lavandula) and the number of bee colonies kept in three different regions in the North-eastern part of Bulgaria. We use the mathematical model designed to estimate the potential location where hives can be placed, comparable to a coefficient characterizing the extent to which this place is desired to be created. The evaluation coefficient named ρi , preferably in a given place, the sum of the “values” of all feeding places in relation to the given apiary place are taken in consideration. Possible solutions are illustrated with numerical values giving assessment of potential distribution sites for cases without overpopulation of the area with bee colonies and for areas with overpopulation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is reported in two directions. On the one hand, the benefit for beekeepers in their selection of suitable places for apiaries guaranteeing optimal nutrition of bee colonies. The correct assessment of the location will provide pollen and nectar for bees, reduction of harmful effects of overpopulation with bee colonies and high yields of bee products. On the other hand, the benefit for farmers growing flowering agricultural crops in the respective area is expressed in guaranteeing better pollination of crops, which is a prerequisite for higher yields.