De la révolution industrielle à la planétarisation managériale

This article tries to understand the nature of management, as well as the motives and the consequences of its expansion. First, we incorporate the management to the global framework of industrial revolution that constitutes an anthropological disruption as radical as was the Neolithic one; henceforth, efficiency is the compass guiding the modern societies. Moreover, we show that “organization”, a scientific concept stemming from the modern biology, is the central category of current management, category from which it deploys its theories and its practices. The founding role of cybernetics is then examined, as well as the consequences of the hegemony of organizations, that is to say the destitution of institutions, whether they are social, political or cultural.