论尼采《音乐精神》中的审美教育

Hyun-sook Hur
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摘要

对尼采来说,生命的存在不仅仅是为了任何其他的欲望或目标,而是为了实现音乐的精神,解放心灵,给思想插上翅膀。尼采认为,人活在本真状态时是最幸福的,所以尼采哲学的教育意义是在人的生命中。对尼采来说,他的教育的核心价值在于认识到人需要不断被超越,认识到人作为Übermensch和解放者的价值。美育的目的是通过审美经验,如艺术的对立原则,阿波罗的“沉思”和酒神的“狂喜”,把握世界的真理,恢复人性。审美经验不被解释为与世界的破坏性斗争,而是作为一种“权力意志”,在agon的地平线上寻求更好的生活,即创造性竞争隐含的竞争(Wettkampt)。权力意志是无止境的自我克服的源泉,它使认识到人是必须不断被超越的存在论经验成为可能。通过他的音乐精神进行审美教育是一个重要的本体论思维过程,通过审美体验,Übermensch实现了他作为一个真正的教育者和解放者的价值。本研究旨在阐明尼采作为一个艺术家、作为一件艺术作品,以及通过审美经验的教育意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
On Aesthetic Education Appeared in Nietzsche’s the Spirit of Music
For Nietzsche, life does not exist simply for any other desire or goal, but to realize the spirit of music that frees the mind and gives wings to thought. According to Nietzsche, human beings are happiest when they live in their original form, so the educational meaning of Nietzsche’s philosophy was in a human life. For Nietzsche, the core value of his education is to realize that human beings need to be transcended constantly and realize their values as Übermensch and liberators. The goal of aesthetic education is to grasp the truth of the world and restore human nature through aesthetic experiences such as the opposing principles of art, Apollonian ‘contemplation’ and Dionysian ‘ecstasy’. Aesthetic experience is interpreted not as a destructive struggle with the world, but as a 'will to power' that seeks a better life on the horizon of the agon, that is, competition (Wettkampt) implied by creative competition. The will to power is the source of endless self-overcoming, which makes possible the ontological experience of realizing that human beings are beings who must constantly be transcended. Aesthetic education through his musical spirit is an important ontological thought process, and through aesthetic experience, Übermensch realizes his value as a true educator and liberator. This study aims to clarify the meaning of education for Nietzsche as an artist, as a work of art, and through aesthetic experience.
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