探讨国际组织在发展中国家发展中的作用——以越南为例

Yankun Li
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摘要

越南被认为是东南亚重要的新兴经济体。1986年国内改革(Doi Moi)后,不断深化与世界经济的融合,取得了巨大的经济发展。本文以新自由主义和新现实主义为理论方法,对世界贸易组织(WTO)和亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB)这两个国际组织进行了分析。具体来说,分析的重点是国际组织(IOs)如何影响越南的发展进程。本研究旨在为越南未来的经济发展以及如何在国际组织中寻求进一步发展提供一些参考。本研究发现,加入WTO后,越南通过贸易自由化取得了显著的经济增长。最重要的是,通过世贸组织提供的争端解决机制,越南获得了与发达国家在平等基础上谈判问题的能力。另一方面,亚投行为越南提供了获得基础设施贷款的良好渠道,但它也引发了对越南在该地区的权力平衡和安全的担忧。由于国际货币基金组织对越南发展的影响是复杂的,越南需要合理优化经济结构和相关制度,做出平衡多种利益的决策,以实现长远发展,更好地应对可能出现的外部危机。可以进一步研究越南和其他发展中国家如何在国际组织内平衡利益和促进发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring the Role of International Organizations in the Development of Developing Countries, A Case Study of Vietnam
Vietnam is considered an important emerging economy in Southeast Asia. After its domestic reform in 1986 (Doi Moi), it continuously deepened its integration into the world economy and achieved great economic development. This paper takes neoliberalism and neorealism as theoretical approaches to analyze two international organizations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). Specifically, the analysis focuses on how International Organizations (IOs) affect the course of development in Vietnam. This study aims to provide some references for Vietnam's future economic development and how to seek further development in international organizations. This study finds that by joining WTO, Vietnam achieved remarkable economic growth through trade liberalization. Most importantly, Vietnam gained the ability to negotiate problems on an equal basis with developed countries through the dispute settlement mechanism provided by WTO. The AIIB, on the other hand, gives Vietnam good access to infrastructure loans, but it also raises concerns about Vietnam's balance of power and security in the region. Due to the complexity of the impact of IOs on Vietnam's development, Vietnam needs to optimize its economic structure and relevant institutions rationally and make decisions to balance diverse interests to achieve long-term development and better face possible external crises. Further studies could be conducted on how Vietnam and other developing countries could balance their interests and promote development within IOs.
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