Comparative Analysis of the Observation Data of Automatic Precipitation Weather Phenomenon Instrument

In this paper, we analyzed the integrity, accuracy and consistency of automatic and manual observation data of precipitation weather phenomenon from January to December in 2018 from 156 national stations in Sichuan Province to compare the capture, loss, nothingness and error of different precipitation types and time consistency in different precipitation levels. The results showed that automatic precipitation weather phenomenon instrument had the highest ability to capture rain which is 82.2%, while the lowest was only 23.5% for sleet. The highest loss rate was 96.1% for sleet and the lowest was 55.0% for rain, which was consistent with the capture rate. Rainfall was the most frequent precipitation weather process with the highest air report rate. Hail had the highest error rate but best consistency, which may be related to its less frequency, short duration and generally occured together with other precipitation weather processes. With the increase of rain intensity, the capture rate of drizzle, rain and sleet increases gradually. The highest capture rates of snow (0.1-1.0 mm / h) and hail (more than 1.0 mm / h). With the increase of rainfall intensity, the missing rate decreases gradually. The missing rate of rain and hail is the highest in precipitation intensity (0.1-1.0 mm / h). The error rate of drizzle, rain, snow and hail is the highest when the precipitation intensity is (0.1-1.0 mm / h). The error rate of sleet is the highest (> 1.0 mm / h), which is only 0.3% higher than that of precipitation intensity (0.1-1.0 mm / h).