木霉是一种土壤传播的植物病原体生物防治剂,在商品包装上标明木霉的种类和地理标志的必要性

Borkar Sg
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引用次数: 1

摘要

半个多世纪以来,关于木霉对土壤真菌植物病原菌的体外药效的研究已经广泛发表,一些物种及其菌株在其流行地理位置的体内药效也有报道。然而,一个特定的菌株或一个物种的分离物在整个地理位置的功效尚未得到充分的探索。这就是为什么与商业合成杀菌剂相比,木霉生物防治剂在农业生产系统中尚未实现其控制植物病原体的影响的原因。现有文献表明,木霉作为生物防治剂防治土壤植物病原菌的效果受多种环境因素、土壤生态和地理位置特异性的影响。然而,不同种类或未知种类木霉的商业配方产品在世界范围内可作为植物病原体的生物防治剂,特别是在有机农业系统中使用。虽然不同的木霉物种在不同的国家注册了其生物制剂产品,但很少在商业制剂的包装上提到木霉物种的名称及其地理标志。地理标志标签适用于作物品种/cvs,但不适用于木霉种类和菌株;在研究试验的基础上,为特定的地理区域或州或全国专门推荐作物品种,但在生物防治剂的释放和推荐方面并不存在这种现象。我们的研究表明,商业配方中的木霉种类可能因其生物防治功效而具有地理特异性。因此,在自由贸易和产品跨地区流动的时代,很难知道在商业配方中哪种木霉被用作生物防治剂,它的地理标志标签,以及哪种生物防治剂被推荐在哪个地理区域有效工作。有些种类的木霉对某些土壤传播的真菌和线虫植物病原体具有特异性和有效性,而其他种类的木霉则没有效果。因此,在商业制剂产品包装上明确木霉的种类及其地理标志,以及木霉生物防治功效的推荐地理区域,以最大限度地发挥生物防治产品的优势,并开展该领域的研究,显得十分重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Necessity to Specify the Species and Geographical Indication Tag of Trichoderma, a Biocontrol Agent for Soil Borne Plant Pathogens, on Commercial Packets of the Product
Research on Trichoderma species for its in vitro efficacy against soil borne fungal plant pathogens have been widely published for more than half a century and in vivo efficacy has also been reported for several species and their strains in their geographical locations of prevalence. However, the efficacy of a particular strain or an isolate of a species across the geographical location is not yet fully explored. This is the reason, why biocontrol agent Trichoderma has not yet achieved its impact in the agricultural production system as compared to commercial synthetic fungicides for control of plant pathogens. The available literature indicated that several environmental factors, soil ecology and geographical location specificity plays an important role in the efficacy of Trichoderma as biocontrol agent in the control of soil borne plant pathogens. Nevertheless, commercial formulation product of different Trichoderma species or unknown species are available as biocontrol agent of plant pathogens around the world, notably to be used in the organic farming system. Though different Trichoderma species are registered for their bio-formulation products in different countries, seldomly the name of a species of Trichoderma and its geographical indication tag are mentioned on the packet of commercial formulation. The geographical indication tag is available for the crop plant varieties/cvs, but not for Trichoderma species and strains; the crop varieties are recommended specifically for the particular geographical region or state or for whole the country based on the research trials, but this phenomenon is not in operation for release and recommendation of biocontrol agent. The Trichoderma species in the commercial formulation may be geographical specific for their biocontrol efficacy as evident in our research. Therefore, In the free trading era and movement of products across the regions, it becomes difficult to know that in the commercial formulation which species of Trichoderma is used as a biocontrol agent, its geographical indication tag and for which geographical area the biocontrol agent is recommended to work efficiently. Some species of Trichoderma are specific and effective for the control of certain soil borne fungal and nematode plant pathogens while other species are not effective for the same. Therefore, it seems to be important to specify the species of Trichoderma and its geographical indication tag on packet of commercial formulation product and the recommended geographical region for its biocontrol efficacy so as to derive the maximum advantage of the biocontrol product and the research carried out in this field.
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