承诺与现实:卢旺达的妇女权利

P. Abbott, Dixon Malunda
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引用次数: 31

摘要

1994年对图西族人的种族灭绝是卢旺达加速实现性别平等的转折点。卢旺达批准并驯化了大多数给予妇女与男子平等权利的国际法;该国保护两性平等的国内立法日益增多,赋予妇女与男子平等的权利,包括在家庭和公共领域拥有土地和财产(包括土地)的权利。妇女在国家政治代表性方面取得了重大进展,但在地方一级和私营部门获得高级职位方面进展不大。妇女和女孩的健康和福利有了显著改善,现在女孩在学校的表现与男孩一样好。但是,妇女要求和行使其经济权利的能力仍然受到严重限制,在私人领域处于从属地位和被剥削。经济原理是政府对性别平等的承诺的基础,在缺乏强大的自主妇女运动的情况下,性别平等的斗争在传统父权制(父权制)和现代力量之间展开,前者的兴趣是让女性在私人领域处于从属地位,后者的兴趣是赋予女性经济权力,以便她们为国家的经济发展做出贡献。妇女自己的声音很少被听到。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Promise and the Reality: Women's Rights in Rwanda
The 1994 Genocide against the Tutsis was a tipping point in Rwanda accelerating moves to gender equality. Rwanda has ratified and domesticated most international laws granting women equal rights with men; and has a growing body of domestic legislation protecting gender equality grants women equal rights with men, including the right to own land and property (including land), in the family and in the public sphere. Women have made significant gains in national political representation but less so in gaining senior positions at a local level and in the private sector. The health and welfare of women and girls has improved significantly and girls are now doing as well as boys at school. However, women are still severely restricted in their ability to claim and exercise their economic rights and are subordinated and exploited in the private sphere. An economic rationale underlies the commitment of the government to gender equality, and in the absence of a strong autonomous women’s movement the struggle for gender equality is played out between the forces of traditional patriarchy (patriarchy) whose interest is in keeping women subordinate in the private sphere and forces of modernity whose interest is in the economic empowerment of women so that they contribute to the economic development of the country. The voices of women themselves are seldom heard.
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