Expanding Lifetime Of Wireless Sensor Network Using Fuzzy Logic

Due to availability of limited resources such as bandwidth size, memory capacity, battery power etc, high node density and huge amount of traffic convergence make wireless sensor network more prone to congestion and it results in loss of information and more energy dissipation. Because of this, a congestion control mechanism is required which can detect congestion accurately and control it accordingly. In order to achieve this purpose, a fuzzy based congestion detection and alleviation scheme is developed by taking the advantage of some metrics-Buffer occupancy, traffic rate, contenders, number of packets sent by source node, number of packets received by the destination node and level of congestion. These metrics help to estimate congestion status in the sensor network and also minimizes the congestion level by adjusting rest of the other metrics. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated and compared with existing schemes such as ESRT, FLCE, CCSFL and FBACC with respect to various quality of service parameters. Finally, it is observed that the proposed model reduces the energy consumption by controlling congestion in the sensor network, minimizes packet loss, extend network lifespan and tries to maintain traffic rate in order to attain better utilization of the network bandwidth.