Unconventional sources of gaseous energy in the Southern Region of Brazil: a comparative SWOT analysis

The southern region of Brazil is diverse when it comes to unconventional gaseous energy sources with high methane concentrations. Located above the Paraná Sedimentary Basin, the region has great potential to produce shale gas and coalbed methane, situated in the Ponta Grossa and Rio Bonito Formation, respectively. In addition, the generation of biomethane from pig farming effluents in the state of Paraná has been gaining national prominence. In this sense, this work aimed to carry out a comparative SWOT analysis of three potential methane sources in the southern region of Brazil: (1) shale gas, (2) coalbed methane, and (3) biogas from swine effluents. This qualitative study debated each option regarding its regional impacts, developed gas distribution infrastructure, and investments in R&D for risk mitigation. A clearer consolidation of the federal government’s competence and states would bring more confidence and predictability to the market and promote better policy and legal security for investors.