Intelligent Routing Mechanisms in IoT

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) works on battery in order to communicate with each other. Energy consumption is the challenging issue in WSNs. In the recent few years, green communications have become a major concern in communication research and industries. Its major goal is to minimize the energy consumed by the nodes of the WSN. In order to save energy we need to switch off the extra components that are not in use during low traffic period. The technique where the unused extra components are switched off is called as sleep-scheduling, and the routing algorithm used to implement this is called as sleep-scheduling routing algorithm. In WSN the network is divided into multiple clusters. In each cluster one of the sensor nodes is elected as cluster head (CH) and other sensor nodes act as cluster members (CM). The cluster head collects the data form all the other nodes, removes the redundant data and transmits it to the destination. As the amount of workload is much more on the cluster head, the energy consumed by the cluster head is also more. Therefore to equalize the energy consumption among all the nodes, cluster head rotation is done. This chapter deals with different energy consumption techniques.