Massive mediastinal lymphadenopathy in an adolescent male

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), a burgeoning global health concern, is one of the top ten causes of mortality, affecting 10.6 million people; the vast majority of them were in South-East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. The etiology of mediastinal lymphadenopathy may be either benign or malignant. In adults, mediastinal lymphadenopathy due to TB may be a solitary finding or associated with pulmonary parenchymal lesions. Typical clinical manifestations such as fever, loss of appetite, and weight may not be present. Herein, we present a case of a 17-year-old male diagnosed with disseminated TB with a massive mediastinal lymph nodal.