{"title":"特约专栏。","authors":"Rafael Pass, Muthuramakrishnan Venkitasubramaniam","doi":"10.1145/3457588.3457598","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"We review a study of average-case complexity through the lens of interactive puzzles- interactive games between a computationally bounded Challenger and computationally-bounded Solver/Attacker. Most notably, we use this treatment to review a recent result showing that if NP is hard-on-the-average, then there exists a sampleable distribution over only true statements of an NP language, for which no probabilistic polynomial time algorithm can find witnesses. We also discuss connections to the problem of whether average-case hardness in NP implies averagecase hardness in TFNP, or the existence of cryptographic one-way functions.","PeriodicalId":387985,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGACT News","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Guest Column\",\"authors\":\"Rafael Pass, Muthuramakrishnan Venkitasubramaniam\",\"doi\":\"10.1145/3457588.3457598\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"We review a study of average-case complexity through the lens of interactive puzzles- interactive games between a computationally bounded Challenger and computationally-bounded Solver/Attacker. Most notably, we use this treatment to review a recent result showing that if NP is hard-on-the-average, then there exists a sampleable distribution over only true statements of an NP language, for which no probabilistic polynomial time algorithm can find witnesses. We also discuss connections to the problem of whether average-case hardness in NP implies averagecase hardness in TFNP, or the existence of cryptographic one-way functions.\",\"PeriodicalId\":387985,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACM SIGACT News\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-03-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACM SIGACT News\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3457588.3457598\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACM SIGACT News","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3457588.3457598","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
We review a study of average-case complexity through the lens of interactive puzzles- interactive games between a computationally bounded Challenger and computationally-bounded Solver/Attacker. Most notably, we use this treatment to review a recent result showing that if NP is hard-on-the-average, then there exists a sampleable distribution over only true statements of an NP language, for which no probabilistic polynomial time algorithm can find witnesses. We also discuss connections to the problem of whether average-case hardness in NP implies averagecase hardness in TFNP, or the existence of cryptographic one-way functions.