土壤中交换性钾的含量取决于耕作方式和气象因素

Ya.A. Pogromska
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这篇文章是一系列关于在全球和区域气候变化背景下,考虑到减少耕作的可能性,土壤-植物系统营养元素研究结果的出版物的延续。在顿涅茨克地区连续5年(1994-1998年)的普通黑钙土(钙质黑钙土)固定大田试验条件下,监测了同一矿肥制度下,轮作轮作玉米下行耕和地下不耕两种耕作方式下土壤可耕层交换性钾含量。同时,记录了降水和大气、土壤温度的动态变化。研究结果表明,气象因子对植物钾营养水平的影响是稳定的,玉米营养植物耕层内土壤交换态钾含量平均水平有降低的总体趋势,主要是由于10-20 cm和20-30 cm土层。结果表明:前一年耕地湿度的最佳条件为水热系数Selianinov (HTC) 1.0,地下不翻耕的最佳条件为- 1.25。在非常干燥(HTC 1.5)的情况下,地下不耕耕作可能更有利于钾的流动。但在HTC内部0.5-1.5是更容易接受的犁。结果表明,拒耕降低了0 ~ 30 cm土层钾离子流动性对温度的依赖性,避免了钾离子的固温作用,增强了5月份加湿制度的影响。但干燥凉爽的秋天很可能是导致不耕钾流动性降低的原因。所有结论均通过相关、回归和方差分析(ANOVA)结果得到证实。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The content of exchangeable potassium in the soil depending on the method of tillage and meteorological factors
The article is a continuation of a series of publications on the results of the study of nutrient elements in the soil-plant system against the background of global and regional climate change, given the possibility of minimizing tillage. In the conditions of stationary field experiment on ordinary chernozem (Calcic Chernozem) in the Donetsk region for five years (1994-1998) it was monitored the content of exchangeable potassium in the arable layer of the soil under the row crop corn within the grain-growing crop rotation on the options of plowing and subsurface non-turning tillage under the same mineral fertilizer system. At the same time, the dynamics of precipitation and air and soil temperature were recorded. According to the results of research, it is a steady effect of meteorological factors on the level of potassium nutrition of plants and a general tendency to decrease the average level of exchangeable potassium contents in the soil under vegetative plants of maize within the arable layer, mainly due to layers of 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm. It is shown that for plowing the optimum of humidity of the previous year is characterized by hydrothermal coefficient of Selianinov (HTC) 1.0, and for subsurface non-turning tillage - 1.25. With a very dry (HTC 1.5), subsurface non-turning tillage may be more favorable for potassium mobility. But within the HTC 0.5-1.5 is more acceptable plowing. It is determined that the refusal to plowing leads to a decrease in the dependence of potassium mobility in the soil layer 0-30 cm on temperature, protecting from temperature fixation of potassium, and enhances the influence of the humidification regime in May. But dry and cool autumn is a likely cause of reduced potassium mobility without plowing. All conclusions are confirmed by the results of correlation, regression and variance (ANOVA) analysis.
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