The characteristics of microbial landscape of the oral cavity in patients with viral hepatitis B, viral hepatitis C and HIV infection

Viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain a major global public health problem. The microbiota plays a key role in maintaining normal homeostasis, morphogenesis, metabolism and immune system function. The aim of the study was to examine the most frequently detected oral microorganisms in patients with viral hepatitis B, C and HIV-infection. The main study group included 135 patients (I group with hepatitis B virus n=45, II group with hepatitis C virus n=45, III group HIV-infection n=45, IV group control group n=45) with oral mucosal lesions in the age range of 18-67 years. The control group involved 45 patients without hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and HIV-infection with oral mucosal lesions, their age fluctuated from 20 to 69. We have studied the features of the formation of pathological biotopes in the oral cavity of patients with viral hepatitis B, C and HIV. The results of the microbiological examination of the oral cavity showed that the qualitative composition of the microflora did not differ in all main groups studied by us and in the control group. The spectrum of detected microorganisms was represented as pathogenic as well as conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and fungi. The presented data between different types of oral microorganisms will help overcome the limitations of current treatments and identify new targets for the treatment of complex polymicrobial infections. Taking into account the peculiarities of pathological changes and dysbiotic changes in the oral cavity of patients with viral hepatitis B and C and HIV-infection, it is necessary to develop and implement adapted schemes for individual oral hygiene, and the use of local probiotics in parallel with antiviral treatment of major diseases will lead to the correction of oral cavity microbiocenosis, depending on degree of dysbiotic shift.