数字化转型:背景、趋势、风险和威胁

I. Revak, Roman Gren
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引用次数: 0

摘要

现代世界经济的特点是使用数字技术作为经济增长的因素之一。数字化转型为发展创造了新的机遇,同时也给传统经济带来了风险和威胁。因此,对数字化转型的研究变得尤为重要。本研究的目的是揭示“数字化转型”一词的本质,突出其优点和缺点,并分析乌克兰经济数字化的过程。在理论探索过程中,运用了分析、综合、观察、概括、分类等科学认知方法。用分析材料检验了理论假设。在分析的基础上,得出结论,并提出切实可行的建议。在理论研究中,研究了“数字化”和“数字化”这两个术语之间的差异。强调了数字技术传播的主要先决条件:世界互联网接入物理基础设施的发展,互联网用户数量的增长;电子商务的发展;国家信息技术产业发展;国家电子政务系统的完善。乌克兰社会数字化转型的主要障碍是政治、经济、技术和心理领域形成的因素。分析了用于评估数字技术传播的指数的动态:电子参与指数和电子治理发展指数。可以确定的是,最近它们出现了积极的趋势。系统阐述了实施数字技术的主要优势。在国家一级,积极影响表现在提高人口的生活质量;公共劳动的生产力水平;减少艰苦工作的份额;保持健康和延长人类预期寿命;简化获取信息的途径。数字技术对商业环境的积极影响表现在降低销售产品、搜索和处理信息、进行交易、向市场投放和推广商品的成本、缩短商业周期的持续时间;发明创新技术,转向创新产品的生产。个人的好处是降低了互联网服务和交易的成本,简化了获取教育、娱乐和信息资源的途径。描述了社会数字化转型带来的主要风险和威胁:技术、经济、政治、社会、法律和个人。所获得的结果的实际意义在于识别和消除数字化风险和威胁的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Digital Transformation: Background, Trends, Risks, and Threats
The modern world economy is characterised by the use of digital technologies as one of the factors of economic growth. Digital transformation creates new opportunities for development, but at the same time there are risks and threats to conventional economies. Therefore, the study of digital transformation is becoming particularly relevant. The purpose of this study was to reveal the essence of the term “digital transformation”, highlight its advantages and disadvantages, and analyse the process of digitalisation of the economy of Ukraine. During theoretical exploration, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, observation, generalisation, classification. Theoretical assumptions were tested using analytical materials. Based on the analysis, conclusions were drawn, and practical recommendations were developed. In theoretical research, the differences between the terms “digitalisation” and “digitisation” were investigated. The main prerequisites for the spread of digital technologies are highlighted: the development of the physical infrastructure of internet access in the world, the growth of the number of internet users; the development of e-commerce; the development of the country’s IT industry; the improvement of the national e-government system. It was established that the main obstacles to the digital transformation of Ukrainian society are factors formed in the political, economic, technological, and psychological spheres. The dynamics of indices used to assess the spread of digital technologies is analysed: the e-Participation Index and the e-Governance Development Index. It was established that recently there has been a positive trend in them. The main advantages of implementing digital technologies were systematised. At the state level, the positive impact is manifested in improving the quality of life of the population; the level of productivity of public labour; reducing the share of hard work; preserving health and extending human life expectancy; simplifying access to information. The positive impact of digital technologies on the business environment is manifested in reducing the cost of selling products, searching and processing information, making transactions, launching and promoting goods to the market, the duration of the business cycle; inventing innovative technologies and switching to the production of innovative products. The advantages for individuals are to reduce the cost of internet services and transactions, simplify access to educational, entertainment and information resources. The main risks and threats created by the digital transformation of society are described: technological, economic, political, social, legal, and personal. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of identifying and neutralising risks and threats of digitalisation.
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