Temperature-Controlled metasurface integrating broadband absorption and beam steering

In this paper, we propose a temperature-controlled bifunctional hybrid metasurface based on vanadium dioxide $(\mathbf{VO}_{2})$, which is capable of dynamically switching between broadband absorption and beam steering. At room temperature, the metasurface can achieve broadband absorption, the absorptivity exceeds 90% between 0.50 THz and 1.95 THz with the relative bandwidth of 118%; when the temperature rises to 340 K, it serves as a coding rnetasurface, single-beam and dual-beam steering with different diffraction angles can be realized by designing different coding sequences. The proposed metasurface has important application value in terahertz switching, modulation and beam scanning devices.