成人和老年人运动协调与执行功能的关系

Maria Luiza Triolo Ribeiro, Daniela Melo de Almeida, M. Voos
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摘要

与其他人群相比,巴西老年人的受教育水平相对较低。在临床实践中,很难确定老年人执行功能(EF)和运动协调测试中观察到的更细微的变化是否由于初始神经系统疾病或低教育水平所致。本研究旨在评估高、低学历成人和老年人运动协调能力和EF的可能差异,以及运动协调能力和EF之间可能存在的相关性。共有75名健康个体(年龄从30岁到89岁)被评估。EF通过轨迹测试(TMT)进行评估,而运动协调性通过上肢运动动力学测试进行评估,上肢运动动力学测试是前臂旋后和旋前的快速交替(右、左,都进行同相运动,都进行反相运动)。方差分析显示,年龄和受教育程度可能影响EF和运动协调性。用Pearson相关法计算EF和diadochokinesis之间可能的关系。受教育程度低的老年人在TMT B部分(认知和运动)和delta TMT(认知)上显著减慢。所有组的反相位动作都较慢,尤其是受教育程度低的组。结果显示EF与运动协调的相关性较弱。年龄和受教育程度影响执行功能和运动协调。然而,当这两个因素进行统计校正后,EF和运动协调测试没有相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Relationship between motor coordination and executive function in adults and older adults
ABSTRACT Brazilian older adults present a relatively low schooling level when compared with other populations. In clinical practice, defining if more subtle alterations observed in executive function (EF) and motor coordination tests in older adults are due to an initial neurological condition or low schooling level is difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the possible differences in motor coordination and EF between adults and older adults with high and low schooling level as well as the possible correlations between motor coordination and EF in this sample. A total of 75 healthy individuals (aged from 30 to 89 years) were evaluated. EF was assessed by the trail making test (TMT) whereas motor coordination was assessed by the upper limb diadochokinetic test, which is the rapid alternation between supination and pronation of the forearms (right, left, both performing in-phase movements, and both performing anti-phase movements). Analysis of variance showed that age and schooling level possibly influenced EF and motor coordination. Possible relationships between EF and diadochokinesis were calculated by Pearson’s correlation. Older adults with low schooling level were significantly slower on the TMT part B (cognitive and motor) and delta TMT (cognitive). All groups were slower performing the anti-phase movement, especially those with low schooling level. Results showed only weak correlations between EF and motor coordination. Age and schooling level influenced executive function and motor coordination. However, the EF and motor coordination tests presented no correlation when these two factors were statistically corrected.
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