东道国在投资者-国家仲裁中的腐败辩护运用

Dao Kim Anh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

国际投资法对腐败的担忧显著增加。尽管外国投资可以促进东道国的社会和经济发展,但受腐败污染的投资也会产生不利影响,例如交易成本上升和对商业环境的信心下降。因此,对于在投资过程中使用贿赂的投资者是否可以在国际投资仲裁中向东道国提出索赔,存在争议。当投资者卷入腐败以促进其投资时,如何利用腐败辩护的问题对答辩国至关重要,特别是对像越南这样进行激烈反腐败斗争的国家。因此,本文试图回答这个问题。它表明,在投资仲裁中,东道国可以以多种方式使用腐败辩护:作为对管辖权的异议,对索赔的可受理性提出质疑,或作为实质性辩护。此外,本文通过审查仲裁法庭过去如何处理东道国的腐败索赔以及当前条约改革如何影响法庭在未来争端中的裁决,评估了这些选择的可行性。在此基础上,笔者为被申请人国在投资纠纷中有效运用腐败辩护提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Use of Corruption Defense by Host States in Investor-state Arbitration
Concerns about corruption have significantly grown in international investment law. Although foreign investment may boost the social and economic development of the host country, investment tainted by corruption has adverse effects, such as rising transaction costs and declining confidence in the business climate. As a result, there is a contentious argument over whether an investor who used bribery during their investment can file a claim against the host State in international investment arbitration. When investors are involved in corruption to facilitate their investment, the question of how to use corruption defense is crucial for respondent States, particularly those engaged in a ferocious fight against corruption like Vietnam. Therefore, this paper seeks to answer this question. It reveals that in investment arbitration, host States can use corruption defense in diverse ways: as an objection to jurisdiction, a challenge to the admissibility of the claims, or a substantive defense. Further, this paper evaluates the viability of these options by examining how arbitral tribunals have dealt with host States' corruption claims in the past and how the current treaty reforms may affect tribunals' decisions in future disputes. Based on this analysis, the author provides recommendations for respondent States to effectively use corruption defense in investment disputes.
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