Application of GPR for creating underground structure model of specific areas of interest

In this paper, a general procedure for creation of georeferenced underground structure model is described. It consists of standardized survey procedures and a generalized data model. The dominant survey technology in this procedure is GPR scanning. Analysis of the procedure was done on specific areas of interest (AOI). The specific AOI, on which this research is focused are levees, utilities and landslides. Survey procedures and data model for specific AOI were discussed through case studies. Case study for levee analysis was performed on flooding bank in Novi Sad, Serbia. Results included the localization of underground structure and manmade utilities (pipes) geometry, soil type identification and volumetric moisture content of a zone where permeable material was taken out from the bank. Cylindrical utilities are identified in radargrams by the specific hyperbolic shapes whose geometries contain information on the depth, radius, spatial orientation, and apparent relative permittivity of the soil surrounding the object. An efficient approach for pipe localization and wave propagation velocity based on fitted hyperbola geometries in radargrams is presented. Landslide analysis by GPR was done on the mountain Fruska Gora. Results included underground structure localization which represented status of the landslide after the first and second mitigation measures.