反转还是重定向?2009 - 2017

M. Sherry
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摘要

面对来自老派团体和像“黑人的命也是命”(Black Lives Matter)这样的新团体越来越大的阻力,在巴拉克•奥巴马(Barack Obama)执政期间,许多惩罚性转向的因素趋于稳定,甚至(比如监禁率)有所下降,而将打击犯罪作为一场“战争”的说法则有所减少。但到那时,惩罚性的转变在美国的制度中已经根深蒂固,几乎不可能逆转,而美国的移民制度等其他因素也在恶化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Reversal or Redirection? 2009–2017
In the face of mounting resistance from old-line groups and new ones like Black Lives Matter, many elements of the punitive turn stabilized or even (as with incarceration rates) receded a bit during the Barack Obama years, while talk of crime-fighting as a “war” diminished. But by then the punitive turn was so deeply ingrained in American institutions that reversal was nearly impossible, and other elements, like America’s immigration system, worsened.
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