Inclusive Urban Coastal Development in Ampenan and Jerowaru, West Nusa Tenggara Province

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic state and has the second longest coastline in the world. The majority of people who live in Indonesia’s coastal cities are fishermen. Most are poor and live in a recurring cycle of poverty. They lack adequate education, health insurance, and adequate housing. There are many disadvantaged fishermen in Ampenan and Jerowaru, West Nusa Tenggara province. During the colonial era, Ampenan was a well-known harbor town where foreign vessels landed to trade. However, since the end of the colonial era, Ampenan has not maintained its role as a harbor town due to high tides and sand tsunami disasters. Moreover, coastal abrasion causes the shoreline to shift. Therefore, Ampenan fishermen no longer have space to dock their boats or produce their steamed fish. Fishermen in Jerowaru face similar conditions. There, neighborhoods suffer flooding at high tides and living and working space for fishing families are hard to come by. Combined threats from high tides, sand tsunamis, flooding, coastal abrasion, and robbery like of the other difficulties facing the fishermen are environmental have caused extreme vulnerability among fishermen. The purpose of this research is to understand the development of an inclusive urban space in Ampenan and Jerowaru, where the local government has made efforts to engage disadvantaged citizens in the urban development agenda. This research used a qualitative approach consisting of in-depth interviews and participant observation. The research found that the inclusive urban space development program initiated by the local government of Ampenan provides affordable housing for fishermen without enforced eviction from illegal and vulnerable slum settlements. The local government in Jerowaru has implemented the inclusive urban space development, which provides affordable housing for vulnerable immigrant fishermen. This government agenda makes resettlement in better housing accessible to poor fishermen. Inclusive urban space development highlights the differences between coastal and inland urban developments in Indonesia. In the past, development has marginalized poor fishermen. This development model is an example for other coastal cities in Indonesia. However, bureaucratic obstacles remain, as demonstrated by the regional administration case of Jerowaru, where fishermen are unable to occupy their new