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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文探讨了从11世纪到第四次十字军东征以及之后的一段时间,拜占庭帝国对西欧人态度的变化。特别注意旧定型观念的发展和新定型观念的出现。从11世纪开始,基督教世界的两个部分之间更积极的接触并没有导致预期的和解,而是导致了仇恨和怨恨。本文主要关注拜占庭作家的一些文本,如Michael Psellos、Anna Komnena、John Kinnamos、Eustathios of Thessaloniki和Niketas Choniates。在我看来,拜占庭人对西方的看法的变化可以用以下几个隐喻性的命名阶段来表示:平静、威胁、痛苦和绝望。
The West from a Byzantine Perspective During the Early Crusades
The article explores changing attitudes to western Europeans in the Byzantine Empire from the eleventh century until the Fourth Crusade and for some time after it. Special attention is paid to the development of old stereotypes and the emergence of new ones. More active contacts between the two halves of Christendom from the eleventh century onwards did not result in an expected rapprochement, but rather led to hatred and resentment. The article focuses on a number of texts by Byzantine authors, such as Michael Psellos, Anna Komnena, John Kinnamos, Eustathios of Thessaloniki, and Niketas Choniates. In my view, the changes in Byzantine perceptions of the west could be represented in terms of the following metaphorically named stages: Calm, Menace, and Bitterness and Despair.