Empirical analysis of DEA-Tobit model based on unexpected output for port operation efficiency

This paper, using the ultra-efficiency DEA-Tobit model, takes 16 listed port enterprises as an example to measure the port efficiency from 2015 to 2021. Based on the unexpected output, the measured port enterprise operation efficiency is more objective, and provides reasonable suggestions for the improvement of the port operation efficiency. The research results show that: (1) the operating efficiency of port enterprises is increasing, but the growth rate is slow; (2) the operating efficiency is limited by the growth of technical efficiency; (3) the fixed assets, management expenses and R & D expenses promote the port operation efficiency, while the paid-in capital, operating cost and carbon emission inhibit the port operation efficiency.