An Energy Balance Routing Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

At the stage of data transmission in wireless sensor network, when node's transmitting data give a change, it would make the network topology unstable. Focusing on resolved this problem, An energy balanced routing mechanism EBRP-SPSO(Energy-balanced routing protocol based on self-adaption particle swarm optimization) was proposed, first of all, it improved the traditional clustering algorithm, by introduced two influence factors of the optimal number of cluster heads and node election radius, improved the cluster head selection of threshold to make a bunch of quotas to get more reasonable distribution, and then, in order to make the number of clusters more reasonable distribution, EBRP-SPSO introduced an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm, so that the network in the data transmission phase could be adaptive to the node energy balance and maintain the stability of the network topology. Compared with the traditional LEACH protocol and the improved HEED protocol, simulation results show that the improved routing mechanism can effectively improve the life cycle of the network, and the energy of nodes in the network can be well balanced.