The experience of chronic illness: Issues of loss and adjustment

Abstract The impact of a long-term illness creates a pervasive dilemma for individuals in regard to maintaining both emotional and social well-being. Dealing with the medical ramifications of illness may be only one small part of the challenge. Too often, a number of personal losses are encountered in addition to functional limitations. Chronic illness may affect an individual's sense of self-worth, relationships with family and friends, and future goals and plans. The acceptance of these losses and adaptation to the illness are shaped in part by the meaning the individual ascribes to the event. It is further influenced by societal reactions and interactions with others. Unfortunately, persons with chronic illness often find themselves alone in their struggle to adapt. The purpose of this article is to discuss the issues relevant to such persons and to identify ways in which counseling can facilitate this difficult process.