干摩擦噪声诱导输运的奇异特征

A. Baule, Peter Sollich
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引用次数: 26

摘要

我们提出了均匀无特征表面上由于零均值波动引起的物体定向运动的精确可解非线性模型。有向运动是由干(库仑)摩擦与不对称表面振动耦合产生的,具有泊松弹噪声统计。我们发现,物体的输运表现出惊人的非单调和奇异特征:在干摩擦强度达到临界干摩擦强度Δ*时,输运实际上有所改善,并在Δ*处过渡到单向运动模式。这一转变由物体平均速度的尖点奇点表示。此外,平稳速度分布还包含奇异特征,如不连续和零速度处的δ峰。我们的研究结果强调,耗散实际上可以增强输运,这可能在人工小规模系统中得到利用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Singular features in noise-induced transport with dry friction
We present an exactly solvable nonlinear model for the directed motion of an object due to zero-mean fluctuations on a uniform featureless surface. Directed motion results from the effect of dry (Coulombic) friction coupled to asymmetric surface vibrations with Poissonian shot noise statistics. We find that the transport of the object exhibits striking non-monotonic and singular features: transport actually improves for increasing dry friction up to a critical dry-friction strength Δ* and undergoes a transition to a unidirectional mode of motion at Δ*. This transition is indicated by a cusp singularity in the mean velocity of the object. Moreover, the stationary velocity distribution also contains singular features, such as a discontinuity and a delta peak at zero velocity. Our results highlight that dissipation can in fact enhance transport, which might be exploited in artificial small-scale systems.
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