O roli kodu kulturowego i jego komponentów w procesie konstytuowania znaczenia w języku obcym

The article analyses the notion of the so-called cultural code, understood as a complex interweaving of culturally and socially conditioned elements, through the prism of which we give (most often unconsciously) things and phenomena their particular meanings. The native language user acquires this code in the process of upbringing and socialisation in the society and during acquisition of the first language. However, the process of mastering a foreign language is subject to far greater constraints. Hence, the main problem addressed in the text is the issue of ‘learnability’ of the cultural code, which is specific for each language. Although the foreign-language specific elements have a negative impact on the processes of understanding and expressing the intended meanings in the foreign language, they can at the same time positively shape the awareness of native culture as well as the bi-cultural relations between the native and the foreign culture.