生活质量:国际移民研究的时间方面

I. Maidanik
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文旨在揭示时间方面在研究国际移民生活质量方面的科学潜力。本文的目的是对人口幸福感的时间指标进行科学的讨论,并提供其在移民研究中的重要性的经验证据。科学上的新颖之处在于揭示了在生活质量评估系统结构中广泛使用时间因素,证实了在研究国际移徙者福祉时使用时间指标的必要性。本文采用系统研究法、分析综合法、分组法、比较法。研究表明,当代的生活质量分析方法充满了与时间相关的因素。然而,这里没有时间性的概念化。与持续时间和节奏有关的时间指标是最常用的。本文研究移民生活质量的主要实证依据是欧洲社会调查(ESS)的结果。本研究中比较流动人口幸福感的参照组为当地人口。使用生活质量评估的综合指标,即平均幸福得分。。它显示这两个人口群体的该指标的总体值几乎相同(10分制的差异为0.1分)。要确定一个更快乐的群体缺乏地域普遍性,因为在一半的分析国家中,当地人比新来的人更快乐,而在其他地区,情况正好相反,或者指标的值相同。移民的平均幸福得分和生活满意度得分随着在目的地国停留时间的增加而下降。确定了年龄和停留时间特征对国际移徙者生活质量的单独影响。自由程度、影响自己生活的能力被认为是移民福利的一个单独的时间因素。根据ESS的数据,新移民和本地人的这一指标的平均值是一致的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Quality of Life Temporal Aspects in International Migration Studies
The article is devoted to revealing the scientifi c potential of temporal aspects in studying the quality of life of international migrants. Th e purpose of this paper is to initiate a scientifi c discussion on temporal indicators of population well-being and present empirical evidence of their importance in migration research. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in revealing the widespread use of temporal elements in the structure of systems for quality of life assessing, substantiation the need to use time indicators in studies of international migrants’ well-being. Th e article uses methods of system approach, analysis and synthesis, grouping, comparison. Th e study showed that contemporary approaches of the quality of life analysis abounds with time-dependent elements. However, conceptualization of temporality is absent there. Temporal indicators connected with duration and rhythm are most oft en used. Th e main empirical basis for studying the migrants’ quality of life in this article is the results of the European Social Survey (ESS). Th e reference group for comparing the migrants’ well-being in this study is local population. Th e integrated indicator of quality of life assessment, the average happiness score, is used. It shows almost identical overall values of this indicator for both population groups (the diff erence was 0.1 points on a 10-point scale). Th ere was a lack of territorial universality to identify a happier group because in half of the analyzed countries the locals were happier than newcomers whereas in the rest of the territories there was the opposite situation or the same values of the indicator. Th e average happiness scores and life satisfaction scores among migrants decrease in parallel with the increase in length of stay in the destination country. A separate eff ect of age and length of stay temporal characteristics on the quality of life of international migrants is established. The degree of freedom, the agency to infl uence their own lives is considered a separate temporal element of the migrants’ well-being. According to the ESS, the average value of this indicator for newcomers and locals coincides.
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