基于有限元法的深部脑刺激电传播建模

Cristian A. Torres-Valencia, G. Daza-Santacoloma, A. Orozco-Gutierrez
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引用次数: 1

摘要

脑深部电刺激(DBS)是帕金森病的一种临床治疗方法,已被证明能有效控制帕金森病的一些相关症状。DBS包括将神经刺激器植入大脑的某个区域,如丘脑下核、内部苍白球等。电极配置有所需的电脉冲,以实现目标区域的神经激活。刺激脉冲的参数在几次会议期间为神经科医生进行实验性调整。近年来,为了在没有实验过程的情况下方便选择DBS治疗的最佳参数,已经实现了一些努力,使用头部模型,其中包括需要电传播的不同大脑结构的电学性质和几何形状。各种各样的电磁现象都可以用麦克斯韦方程来描述,这也是深部脑刺激模型的基础。特别地,拉普拉斯方程非常适合计算由于DBS引起的电传播。为了求解复杂几何中的拉普拉斯方程,使用了有限元法(FEM),它允许通过创建结构化网格来计算应用于多个域的微分方程的数值解。在DBS建模背景下呈现的最新作品,如[1][2],通常使用商业软件进行有限元计算。由于在DBS过程中没有办法直接测量大脑的电位,因此必须建立大脑的传播模型来确定电传播。现在,有几个用于有限元计算的GNU库可用。本工作解决了使用c++和phyton的FEnICS库求解二维和三维几何模型中的电传播问题。考虑到这一点,我们感兴趣的是在大脑的一个特定区域,在DBS引线周围估计电压的传播。结果表明,与文献中使用商业软件获得的结果相比,GNU库非常适合FEM-DBS建模。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Electric propagation modeling of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) using the finite element method (FEM)
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a clinical treatment for Parkinson disease and has demonstrated the effective control of some of the symptoms related with Parkinson. DBS consist in the implantation of a neurostimulator into a region of the brain such as the subthalamic nucleus, the internal globus pallidus, etc. The electrodes are configured with a desired electric pulse in order to achieve the neural activation of the objective regions. Parameters of the stimulation pulse are experimentally adjusted for the neurologist during several sessions. In recent years, some efforts has been realized in order to facilitate the selection of the optimal parameters for DBS therapy without the experimental process, using head models that includes the electrical properties and geometry of the different brain structures in which the electric propagation is desired. The large variety of electromagnetic phenomena can all be described by the Maxwell's equations, which are also the basis for deep brain stimulation modelling. In particular, the Laplace equation is well suited for computing the electric propagation due DBS. For solving the Laplace equation in complex geometries is used the finite element method (FEM), which allows to compute of a numerical solution of differential equations applied over several domains by the creation of a structured mesh. The state of art works presented in the context of DBS modelling such as [1] [2] commonly uses a commercial software for FEM calculation. Since there is no way to measure the potentials directly from the brain during DBS, propagation models of the brain must be builded to determine the electric propagation. Nowadays, several GNU libraries for FEM computing are available. This work addresed the use of FEnICS library for C++ and phyton for solving the electric propagation in 2D and 3D geometrical models. With this in mind, we are interested in estimating the voltage propagation, around the DBS lead, in a particular area of the brain. Results show that the GNU libraries are well suited for FEM-DBS modelling in contrast to the obtained results using commercial software found in the literature.
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