Phytochemical Screening and Identification of Active Ingredients in Nerium (Nerium oleander) L. and Lantana (Lantana camara)

Powdered leaves of Nerium oleander L. and Lantana camara were screened for detection of saponins, glycosides, terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and cyanogenic glycosides. The results of the qualitative analysis and phytochemical screening profiles indicated that, most of the natural tested products are presented in N. oleander L leave extracts, for L. camara, most of the natural products tested for are present except saponins and glycosides. The chemical compositions of the leaf ethanol extract of N. oleander and L. camara were investigated using gas chromatography –mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Analysis of N.oleander leaf ethanol extract revealed the existence of twenty two components identified, of them 4-0-methylmannose, Squalene, n-hexadecanoic acid, vitamin E; 3,5-dimethoxyacetophenone; 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid and benzofuran-2, 3-dihydro, represent 35.92%, 14.72%, 11.10%, 7,57%, 7.13%, 6.84 %, 3.19%, respectively, the other components were ranged from 1.3 to 1.97 %. While L. camara major chemical component were found to be forty two of them, caryophyllene bicycle (3, 1, 0) hexane, 4-methylene-1-(1-methyl-lhumulene, bicycle (3, 1, 0) hexane-6-methanol,2-hydro, eucalyptol, caryophyllene oxide, represent 21.47%,11.68 %,10.93 %,9.75% 8.97%, 8..03%, respectively, the other components were ranged from ,1.1 to 3.53 % .