自闭症谱系障碍儿童的视觉启动效应

L. Cherenkova, L. Sokolova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在分析自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童视觉启动的时间动态。本研究共纳入20例典型发育儿童(5例女孩,15例男孩,年龄6.4±0.4岁)、20例轻度ASD儿童(全部为男孩,年龄6.7±0.3岁)、20例中度ASD儿童(18例男孩,2例女孩,年龄6.6±0.4岁)、20例重度ASD儿童(17例男孩,3例女孩,年龄6.8±0.2岁)。研究模型采用启动范式。目标以水平和垂直线光栅的形式出现,每度重复10次。在目标刺激前50-600 ms出现一个重复频率为每度2个周期的垂直光栅形式的素数。在研究过程中发现,与典型的发展相反,在所有ASD儿童中,在50÷150 ms的刺激间隔(ISI)中,启动效应不存在。轻度和中度ASD在ISI 200-600 ms,重度ASD在ISI 200-300 ms时,反应时间减少到一致和不一致目标。结果表明,启动物与目标物的相互作用机制以及它们之间的注意转换在启动物出现后的不同时间间隔内表现出不同的变化,这取决于自闭症的严重程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Visual Priming in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
The study aimed at the analyzing of the temporal dynamics of visual priming in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study involved 20 children with typical development (5 girls and 15 boys, age 6.4±0.4 years), 20 children with mild form of ASD (all boys, age 6.7±0.3 years), 20 children with medium form of ASD (18 boys and 2 girls, age 6.6±0.4 years), 20 children with hard ASD (17 boys and 3 girls, age 6.8±0.2 years). The priming paradigm was used as a research model. Targets were in the form of gratings of horizontal and vertical lines with a repetition rate of 10 cycles per degree. A prime in the form of a vertical grating with a repetition rate of 2 cycles per degree was presented ahead of the target stimulus by 50–600 ms. In the course of the study, it was found that, in contrast to the typical development, in all children with ASD, the effect of prime is absent at interstimulus intervals (ISI) of 50÷150 ms. The response time decreases to congruent and incongruent targets with ISI 200–600 ms with light and medium ASD and with ISI 200–300 ms with hard ASD. The results indicate that changes in the mechanisms of interaction between the prime and targets and the switching of attention between them are manifested in different time intervals after the prime, depending on the severity of ASD.
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