Frequency of ABO Blood Groups in Patients With COVID-19 Referred to Ali Ibn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan in 2020

Background and Aim: The Coronavirus causes severe contamination and disease by targeting cell antigens. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of ABO blood groups in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A total of 343 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Ali Ibn Abi Taleb in Rafsanjan City, Iran, in the first half of 2020 were selected upon their availability. The study included a demographic checklist, blood group, pulmonary involvement by high-resolution CT scan, and severity of the disease based on clinical symptoms. Chisquare tests and logistic regression were used to analyze data with a 0.05 significant level. Results: Of 343 patients studied, 108 patients (31.5%) had blood group B, 102 patients (29.7%) blood group O, 98 patients (28.6%) blood group A, and 35 patients (10.2%) had blood group AB. Regression analysis showed that disease severity in patients with blood group O was 31.9% compared to patients with blood group A. Also, in comparison to blood group A, the pulmonary involvement in patients with blood group B was 16%, blood group AB was 20.6% more, and blood group O was 39.8% less. Conclusion: The non-significant odds of COVID-19 severity were lower in blood group B and higher in blood group O in comparison to blood group A. Also, the severity of pulmonary involvement was lower in blood group O and higher in blood group AB in comparison to blood group A.