Establishing Control: Institutions, Media, and Security

This chapter describes in depth how MBS and MBZ have established their control over most other institutions, the media, and national security. Firstly, their increasing influence over executive and consultative political institutions is considered, including their respective councils of ministers, the Shura Council (in Saudi Arabia), and the Federal National Council (in the UAE). Secondly, their de facto command over the judicial system is discussed, including the ongoing lack of separation of powers in both countries. Thirdly, their extensive efforts to manage, manipulate, and suppress the media (and social media) are explained, including the use of traditional media controls alongside more experimental counter measures. Fourthly, their attempts to re-organize their respective military, security, and intelligence organizations are studied, including key personnel and structural changes, and an emphasis on greater professionalism. Finally, their cultivation of stronger praetorian guards is reflected upon, including an apparent increased willingness to bring in greater numbers of foreign experts, and (in MBZ’s case) an emphasis on creating secretive new units.