情景记忆的认知结构

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引用次数: 0

摘要

作者们为这本书选了一个挑衅性的书名。在这种挑衅中,对于那些想要理解意识是什么的人来说,这是一种激励。他们的目标是解释这一现象,这可能比生命从无生命物质中出现更难理解。通过这项工作,他们发展并描述了一种被称为动机情感思维的有意识思维的简化模型。尽管情景记忆的基础是主体观察到的真实事件,但记忆的情节也可以在主体的头脑中产生。工作记忆通过结合整个场景的组成要素及其相互关系的意义来支持对整个场景意义的解释。观察到的场景被储存在情景记忆中。智能体可以建立自己的价值系统来评估观察到的事件的重要性,然后用它来影响自己的行为和情绪状态。只有有意识的人才有能力记住其经历中的片段。意识系统必须能够想象一个假设的情况并计划它的活动。因为情景记忆需要海马体或与其相当的结构,如果身体有海马体,它就可能是有意识的。工作记忆负责暂时存储在环境中感知到的信息或从长期记忆中检索到的信息。它对推理、决策和行为控制都很重要。它记录大脑深层处理的刺激。此外,工作记忆结合了临时存储和操作选定的信息来支持认知功能。本章讨论的具身智能架构旨在构建智能和有意识的机器,其学习能力被认为是智能最重要的特征。作者指出,具身思维包含一定的记忆结构,而机器正是通过这些记忆结构才具有意识。大脑结构的组织及其功能构成了意识思维的功能简化模型,称为动机情感思维。该体系结构的不同功能块同时处理信息,发送中断信号以直接引起注意、更改计划、监视活动并响应外部威胁和机会。它们还为有意识的代理提供个人记忆、积累的知识、技能和欲望,使代理完全自主地行动。要制造具实体的、有意识的机器需要什么?首先,他们的感知必须基于对自己在现实世界中的行为结果的观察和预测。这需要发展与机器价值系统相结合的感觉运动协调。第二个要求是开发学习方法和控制机器人的运动。这包括运动功能、激活器、抓手、运动方法和导航的发展。本章以对有意识机器人未来发展的预测和对有意识思维的生命和死亡周期的阐述结束。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cognitive Architecture With Episodic Memory
The authors chose a provocative title for this book. In this provocation, there is an incentive for those who would like to understand what consciousness is. Their goal was to explain the phenomenon, which is perhaps even harder to understand than the emergence of life from inanimate matter. Through this work, they developed and described a reductive model of conscious mind named motivated emotional mind. Although the basis for episodic memory are real events that were observed by the agent, memorized episodes can also be generated in the agent's mind. The working memory supports explanation of the meaning of the whole scene by combining the meanings of its constituent elements and their relations. The observed scenes are stored in the episodic memory. An agent can build its value system to assess the significance of observed events and later use it to influence its behavior and its emotional states. Only the conscious being has the ability to remember episodes from its experiences. The conscious system must be able to imagine a hypothetical situation and plan its activities. Because episodic memories require the structures of the hippocampus or its equivalent, if the body has a hippocampus, it is potentially conscious. Working memory is responsible for temporarily storing information that has been perceived in the environment or retrieved from long-term memory. It is important for reasoning, decision-making, and behavioral control. It records stimuli processed in the deeper layers of the brain. In addition, working memory combines temporary storage and manipulates selected information to support cognitive functions. Embodied intelligence architecture discussed in this chapter is aimed at building an intelligent and conscious machines and its ability to learn is recognized as the most important feature of intelligence. Authors show that embodied minds contain certain memory structures, and it is through them that machines can be conscious. The organization of brain structures and their functions constitute a functional, reductive model of the conscious mind, called motivated emotional mind. Different functional blocks of this architecture process information simultaneously, sending interrupt signals to direct attention, change plans, monitor activities, and respond to external threats and opportunities. They also provide a conscious agent with personal memories, accumulated knowledge, skills, and desires, making the agent act fully autonomously. What is needed to build embodied, conscious machines? First of all, their sensing must be based on the observations and predictions of results of their own actions in the real world. This requires the development of sensorimotor coordination integrated with the machine value system. The second requirement is the development of learning methods and control of the robot's movements. This includes the development of motoric functions, activators, grippers, methods of movement, and navigation. The chapter ends with predictions for future development of conscious robots and elaboration on the life and death cycles for conscious minds.
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