考虑鱼群游动模式的方形网箱内外流场

Shuchuang Dong, Sang-gyu Park, Jinxin Zhou, Qiao Li, Takero Yoshida, D. Kitazawa
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摘要

鱼笼与放养鱼之间的流体相互作用是极其复杂的,包括流体与结构,以及流体与鱼的游动行为。在以往的实验室研究中,发现鱼群向来水方向游动,这与养殖场常见的圆形游动模式不同。本研究采用伪鱼群结构模型(PFS)再现养殖黄尾鱼的五种圆形游动模式,并在实验室实验中研究了鱼群行为对模型方形鱼笼内部和周围流场的影响。结果表明:各鱼群游动方式对方形网箱的阻力均随流速的增大而增大,但各鱼群游动行为方式间无明显差异;总体而言,考虑了养殖鱼类行为的方形网箱的阻力比没有PFS的网箱的阻力降低了11.8%。鱼笼内部和下游的流速几乎随流速的增加而线性增加。与无PFS的情况相比,不动紧密PFS (C0)、旋转紧密PFS (CR)、不动松散PFS (L0)和旋转松散PFS (LR)条件下的网箱内流速分别变化了10.8%、9.4%、65.8%和39.7%。此外,与无PFS的网箱相比,在C0、CR、L0和LR条件下,网箱下游16.0cm处的流速分别下降了89.8%、16.3%、58.2%和31.9%,在63.6cm处的流速分别下降了69.2%、19.4%、62.7%和26.3%。此外,还讨论了不同鱼群游动方式下网箱内和网箱周围的流速分布和相对水平湍流强度分布。在未来,我们将使用活鱼进行实验来评估鱼群模型。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Flow Field Inside and Around a Square Fish Cage Considering Fish School Swimming Pattern
The interaction between fluid and fish cage with stocked fish is extremely complex, including fluid and structure, as well as fluid and fish swimming behavior. The on-current swimming pattern of fish schools was found toward the incoming flow in the previous laboratory studies, which is different from the circular swimming pattern commonly observed in the farming site. In this study, a pseudo fish school structure model (PFS) was proposed to reproduce the five circular swimming patterns of farmed yellowtail, and to investigate the influence of fish school behaviors on the flow field inside and around a model square fish cage in laboratory experiments. The results showed that the drag force acting on the square fish cage increased with the increase of the current speed for all fish school swimming patterns, but no clear difference was observed between the fish school swimming behavior patterns. Overall, the drag force of the square fish cage considering the farmed fish behavior decreased by 11.8%, compared to the drag force of the fish cage without PFS. The current speeds inside and downstream of the fish cage increased almost linearly with increasing current velocities. Compared with the case of the fish cage without PFS, the current speed inside the cage under motionless closely PFS (C0), revolving closely PFS (CR), motionless loosely PFS (L0) and revolving loosely PFS (LR) conditions changed by 10.8%, 9.4%, 65.8% and 39.7%, respectively. In addition, compared to the case of the fish cage without PFS, the current speeds under C0, CR, L0 and LR conditions decreased by 89.8%, 16.3%, 58.2%, and 31.9%, respectively, at 16.0cm downstream from the fish cage, and decreased by 69.2%, 19.4%, 62.7% and 26.3%, respectively, at 63.6cm downstream from the fish cage. Furthermore, the current speed distribution and relative horizontal turbulence intensity distribution inside and around the fish cage under different fish school swimming pattern was discussed. In the future, we will use live fish to conduct experiments to evaluate fish school models.
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