Pathogenesis, Computation, and Sequel of Hyperkyphosis on Lung Function - A Literature Review

Kyphosis may affect the human body in various ways, causing falls, fractures, pain, decreasing performance, and affecting lifestyle quality. However, the primary goal of this literature review is more towards an overview of various causes, measurement methods of kyphotic angle, and the effect on the lungs of reducing respiratory effort, resulting in decreased FEV1 and FVC. Possible preventive measures are also discussed. Even though there is a lack of an established hyperkyphosis threshold, we stick to an angle of more than 40° in young adults and beyond 60° in the elderly group over 60 years. A search was done through popular databases such as PubMed, ScienceOpen, and Embase, and 41 relevant articles were selected. With a thorough reading and analysis, up-to-date information regarding kyphosis is listed in this article.