Bubble rupture simulation by considering high density ratio

[Hong et al. 2008] proposed a hybrid method of Eulerian grids and Lagrangian particles to represent small-scale bubbles in large-scale water. In the simulation, bubbles rise freely in the water; however, bubble seeds are set at random at the bottom and they disappear as soon as they arrive at the water surface. [Patkar et al. 2013] also proposed a hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian framework to visualize both small and large scale bubbles. A bubble that exits the spout of a water dispenser flows up in the water with changing its shape; however, they did not simulate the rupture process of bubble. Then, [Mukai et al. 2012] tried a rupture simulation by using MPS method; however, it did not consider the high density ratio of the water to the air so that the bubble ruptured gradually. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of bubble rupture simulation, where a wave is generated after a bubble has ruptured rapidly, by considering the high density ratio of the water to the air.