VANET's Security Concerns and Solutions: A Systematic Literature Review

Context: Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANET) is an emerging trend that originates from the field of Mobile Adhoc Network that gained significant attention from the past few years. The communication is realized through the On-Board Unit (OBU) equipped in vehicles. The concern of VANET is to provide a safe journey to the passengers. Although its significant high mobility of vehicles may cause a loss in connection or security attacks. Objective: The aim behind systematic literature review (SLR) is to identify the diverse type of security attacks in VANET and their respective solutions to handle those attack. This study mainly focuses on VANET centric security attacks and categorizes them along with the solutions to handle these attacks. Method: By using kitchenham guideline for systematic review and PRISMA flow for study selection to ensure coverage of all relevant studies we initially came up with 403 articles. Among these studies, 84 studies were qualified to be relevant according to 4 defined research questions. After identification and categorization of VANET centric attacks, proposed solutions a mapping between attacks and solution is provided. Results: Result of this systematic literature review suggest that identifies Access Management is a major concern in VANET with 44% of selected studies followed by Privacy 28% and Sybil attack 5%. Similarly, numerous security concerns such as Message Authentication 3%, Trust Management 4% and Black Hole attack 3% receives considerably lesser attention by the research community. Conclusions: In the context of security-related solutions which technique found to be most widely used to resolve the problem. The contribution of this study is considered important because there is no such study that has provided such an extensive overview of VANET security attacks and their perspective solutions.