亚历山大港的西里尔与朱利安皇帝的对话为古希腊哲学与异教

Eirini Artemi
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摘要

公元5世纪,亚历山大的西里尔写了一篇长篇的道歉作品,作为对背教者朱利安反基督教作品《反对加利利人》的回应。除了一个是基督徒和一个是异教徒的明显划分,在第二世纪由塞尔苏斯和第三世纪的波菲利,他认为新柏拉图主义批评基督教世界之间的关系。作为一个异教徒,朱利安接受了柏拉图主义和新柏拉图主义的独一神的观念。西里尔和柏拉图式的不一样。西里尔回应的目的,恰恰是引用柏拉图派哲学家支持三位一体论的证据。与朱利安不同,西里尔表明,希腊哲学家接受三个主位格,并使用“三位一体”一词,他们同意基督教的教义。所以,像波菲利这样的古代哲学家认为,神性的本质是向着三个位格发展的。西里尔不仅将朱利安的观点与克里斯蒂安对立起来,而且还欺骗了“精子逻各斯”。在本文中,我们将研究这两部作品,朱利安的“反对加利利人”和西里尔的“反对朱利安”,不仅从他们可能的逻辑论点,支持朱利安和西里尔在法律斗争中的立场。
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Cyril of Alexandria and Julian the Emperor in dialogue for the ancient Greek philosophy and paganism
In the 5th century, Cyril of Alexandria wrote a large apologetic work, as a response to Julian the Apostate’s anti-Christian work Against the Galileans. Aside from the obvious divide of one being a Christian and one a pagan, second century by Celsus and by Porphyry in the third, and he regarded the relations between Neoplatonic criticism of Christian Word. As a pagan, Julian had adopted the Platonic and Neoplatonic conception of the one God. Cyril doesn’t stack up against the Platonic one. Cyril’s goal in responding invokes precisely the evidence of Platonist philosophers in favor of the Trinitarian doctrine. Cyril shows, unlike Julian, that the Greek philosophers accept the three principal hypostases and using the term triad, they agree with Christian teaching. So, ancient philosophers as Porphyry supported that the substance of the divinity has proceeded towards three hypostases. Cyril doesn’t only confront Julian’s view against Christian, but he also con“spermatic logos.” In this paper, we will examine this two works, “Against the Galileans” of Julian and “Against Julian” of Cyril, not only from their the possible logical arguments, in supporting the positions of Julian and Cyril in a legal struggle.
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